Araliaceae

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Ginseng Family

Oreopanax capitatus (Jacq.) Decne. & Planch., a tree in the Araliaceae. Note the variable petiole lengths and the clasping petiole bases. Un árbol. Note los pecíolos de longitudes varias, y las bases poco envainadoras.


Description: A family of trees and hemiepiphytes (occasionally vines) with alternate leaves, simple to palmately compound (Schefflera). The leaf morphology can vary within a plant, often within a single branch. The petiole base is often slightly sheathing, but not nearly as much as in the monocots. Aside from habit and leaf arrangement, the two best characters for distinguishing Araliaceae are the petiole length and the odor. Petiole length varies drastically depending on the position of the leaf, with leaflets near the branch tips borne on much shorter petioles. The vegetative odor is rather evanescent, best detected in a freshly crushed leaf. It is reminiscent of carrots, which belong to the closely related family Apiaceae.

Economic uses: Schefflera species are grown as houseplants. In the temperate zone, ivy (Hedera helix) is often grown on the walls of buildings.


Descripción: Una familia de árboles y hemiepífitas (a veces bejucos), con hojas alternas, simples a palmaticompuestas (Schefflera). La forma de la hoja varia mucho, a veces dentro de una planta y aun dentro de una rama. La base del pecíolo es levemente envolvente, pero no hasta el extremo observado en las monocotiledóneas. A parte de la forma y organización de las hojas, las dos mejores características para distinguir las Araliaceas son la longitud de los pecíolos y el olor. La longitud del pecíolo varía con respecto a la posición de la hoja: Las del extremo de una rama tienen los pecíolos mucho más cortos. El olor vegetativo desaparece rápidamente, y es más fácil encontrarlo en una hoja recién cortado. Es un olor similar al de la zanahoria (que pertenece a la familia cercanamente relacionada Apiaceae).

Usos económicos: Se usa varias especies de Schefflera para plantas de la casa. En las zonas templadas, hiedra (Hedera helix) es un trepador común en las paredes de edificios antiguos.


Genera/species at La Selva: 3/4: Dendropanax (2), Oreopanax (1), Schefflera (1).


FIELD MARKS – alternate (spiral), simple (Dendropanax and Oreopanax) or palmately compound (Schefflera) leaves, intrapetiolar stipules OR “little horns” at base of petiole, petioles of varying lengths.


Mature leaves of Dendropanax varying in petiole length and overall size.
Palmately compound leaves of Schefflera.
“Little horns” at base of petioles are characteristic of many Araliaceae.
Twig of Dendropanax arboreus showing mature leaves with petioles of varying lengths. Crushed leaves have a carrot-like odor.


< < Previous family: Araceae
Next family: Arecaceae > >
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